-in

1. Female

Table of contents

1 Finnish 1.1 Case suffix 1.1.1 Usage 1.1.2 See also 1.2 Case suffix 1.3 Adjectival suffix 1.3.1 Usage 1.3.2 Declension 1.3.3 See also 1.4 Deverbal suffix 1.4.1 Examples 1.4.2 Declension 1.4.3 See also

Finnish

Case suffix

-in

1. Suffix for the genitive plural.

Usage

• Suffixed to the nominative singular but the final -i changes to -e-.
• Nowadays This suffix is rare and usually gives archaic tone. Certain names, however, retain this, eg. Yhdysvaltain from Yhdysvallat (singular stem Yhdysvalta-), where also the more modern form Yhdysvaltojen is possible.

See also

• -den
• -en
• -n
• -ten
• -tten

Case suffix

-in

1. Suffix variant for the illative singular, see -Vn.

Adjectival suffix

-in

1. Forms superlatives from adjectives and certain adverbs.

Usage

The suffix is appended to the genitive singular stem but it causes the same changes as the plural marker -i-. Therefore, it's equivalent to append just -n to the (possibly weak) plural stem, eg. from the inessive plural.

Declension

The suffix has the form -in only in the nominative and partitive singular. It has, in other singular cases, the strong vowel stem -impa/impä- and the weak vowel stem -imma/immä-; in plural, it has the strong vowel stem -impi- and the weak vowel stem -immi-. The adjective jäykkä "stiff" has the following forms:

nominative singular	jäykkä
genitive singular	jäykän
inessive plural	jäykissä
SUPERLATIVE
nominative singular	jäykin
genitive singular	jäykimmän
partitive singular	jäykintä
essive singular	jäykimpänä
genitive plural	jäykimpien
partitive plural	jäykimpiä
inessive plural	jäykimmissä

See also

• -mpi

Deverbal suffix

-in (stems -ime-, -in-, -imi-)

1. Used to form inanimate instrumental nouns from verbs and verbal stems.

Examples

• avata "to open" -> avain "key"
• keittää "to cook, boil" -> keitin "appliance for cooking/boiling"
• puhella "to chat, chatter" (derivative of puhua "to talk") -> puhelin "telephone"

Declension

The suffix has the form -in- in the partitive singular, -ime- in other singular cases and the nominative plural and -imi- in other plural cases. The stem can undergo reverse gradation.

See also

• -ari
• -ja
• -tär
• -uri