Roman numeral

Table of contents

1 English 1.1 Noun 1.1.1 Alternative spellings 1.1.2 Notes 1.1.3 Translations 1.2 See also

English

Noun

Roman numeral (plural Roman numerals)

Alternative spellings

roman numeral (US)

1. Any of the letters I, V, X, L, C, D, M (or their lower-case equivalents) used to represent numbers.

Roman numerals (upper-/lower-case)	Special character	Equivalent Arabic numeral
I, i	Ⅰ	1
II, ii	Ⅱ	2
III, iii	Ⅲ	3
IV, iv	Ⅳ	4
V, v	Ⅴ	5
VI, vi	Ⅵ	6
VII, vii	Ⅶ	7
VIII, viii	Ⅷ	8
IX, ix	Ⅸ	9
X, x	Ⅹ	10
L, l		50
C, c		100
D, d		500
M, m		1000
	ↁ	5000
	ↂ	10,000

Notes

1. The numerals composing a number are written in decreasing order from left to right (but see note 3).
2. The values of the numerals making up a number are summed to determine the value of the number (but see note 3).
3. When a smaller numeral immediately precedes a larger one (which is usually the next largest numeral), the smaller is subtracted from the larger (eg, IX stands for 10 − 1, or 9).
4. A numeral with a macron over it stands for 1000 times the numeral without the macron.
5. The lower-case numerals are often used to number the pages of introductory chapters of books.

Translations

• Catalan: xifra romana f, número romano m
• Chinese: 罗马数字
• Dutch: Romeins cijfer n
• Finnish: roomalainen numero
• French: chiffre romain m
• German: römische Ziffer f
• Italian: numero romano m
• Swedish: romersk siffra c

See also

• Wikipedia article on Roman numerals
• Arabic numeral