1537

Events

• January 6 - Alessandro de Medici assassinated
• August 25 - The Honourable Artillery Company , the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, was formed.
• Pope Paul III publishes the encyclical Sublimis Deus, which declares the natives of the New World to be rational beings with souls who must not be enslaved or robbed.
• Manco II establishes neo-Inca independent state at Vilacampa, Peru
• Recife is founded by the Portuguese in Brazil.
• The Portuguese bring the potato to Europe
• Christian III forces introduction of Lutheran protestantism in Denmark and Norway

Births

• October 12 - Prince Edward Tudor, later King Edward VI of England.
• October 12? - Lady Jane Grey, later Queen of England.
• December 5 - Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Ashikaga shogun
• December 24 - Prince John Vasa, later King John III of Sweden

Deaths

• July 7 - Madeleine de Valois, princess of France, Queen of Scotland (b. 1520)
• October 24 - Jane Seymour, queen of King Henry VIII of England (complications of childbirth)